Getting studying intraspecific adaptation away from recombination speed inside maize, i composed several 1 / 2 of-sib panels, you to to own Reduction plus one to own Flint inbred contours. Damage and you will Flint are a couple of maize gene pools that are important to own crossbreed breeding inside Europe . The 2 half-sib panels made-up a total of twenty-four full-sib family members. The new Damage committee comprises 10 crosses from a main Reduction inbred line (F353) that have varied Drop originator inbreds of Western european Reduction gene pool which were developed in European countries and America. On the Flint panel a main Flint inbred range (UH007) is crossed to eleven naturally varied Flint creator inbreds of one’s European Flint breeding question. The latest Flint creator outlines result from early maize introductions to help you Spain in addition to off so-named Northern Flints from France and you can Germany. In addition, a few reciprocal crosses among them central Reduction and you can Flint contours had been analyzed as well as in each panel you to definitely cross into All of us Reduction range B73 was included because a connection to the us nested organization mapping (NAM) people .
Here, we report on the analysis of the variation of recombination rate in 23 populations of maize using SNPs from the MaizeSNP50 BeadChip . All populations consist of doubled haploid (DH) lines obtained by in vivo haploid induction . DH lines produced with this method reflect female meiosis. Unlike F2 or RILs, DH lines have the great advantage that the genetic information of each gamete is directly observed. Our objectives were to analyze intraspecific variation for (1) GWRR and chromosome-wide recombination rate, (2) recombination landscape along chromosomes, and (3) CO interference, using high-density genetic linkage maps. We found significant differences of GWRR between individual populations as well as between Dent ? Dent versus Flint ? Flint populations, but not between the Dent and Flint gene pools in general. GWRR was not correlated with the genetic structure of the lines as inferred from admixture analysis. We analyzed the recombination landscapes in all populations and found significant differences between individual populations and between pools. Finally, we characterized quantitatively the interfering and non-interfering CO formation pathways and found a negative correlation over all chromosomes between interference intensity of pathway P1 and GWRR.
Results
We constructed two half-sib panels comprising a total of 24 maize full-sib families of DH lines for the analysis of intraspecific variation of recombination rates. The full-sib families within the two panels represent the diversity of important founder lines of the European Dent and Flint germplasm, respectively (Table 1; Additional file 1). In the Dent panel (prefix CFD), all full-sib families have the same common parental line F353 which was crossed to diverse Dent founder lines. The common parent of the Flint full-sib families (prefix CFF) is line UH007, which was crossed to diverse Flint founder lines. 1 plants for in vivo haploid induction, so our maps reflect only female meioses. Details on the diversity analysis of the parental lines are given in Additional file 2.
In most crosses, the brand new haploid inducer line was used because the male mother or father when crossed into F
Just like the a first help the research of recombination, personal genetic maps was developed to have 23 from the twenty-four communities and every of the ten chromosomes. Map analytics are provided inside Table 1 with facts from inside the Extra document step 3, together with complete selection of marker ranking throughout maps which have the brand new raw segregation info is provided when you look at the Extra file 4. As a whole, 39,439 SNPs of your MaizeSNP50 assortment might be mapped in at the very least you to definitely people. Total populations, to 33,884 COs were found in 2,233 female meioses and you may, normally, eleven,988 SNPs have been mapped in a single provided inhabitants. An average getting Dent ? Reduction communities (all CFD but CFD01) is thirteen,247 markers mapped as well as for Flint ? Flint populations (all CFF but CFF01 and you may CFF02) the typical try 9,874. For populace CFF05, which comprised only 34 DHs, no stable chart could well be acquired. The complete length of hereditary maps ranged from a single,180 centiMorgan (cM) inside the society CFD05 to at least one,893 cM during the CFF03 having a suggest of just one,508 ± 185 cM (mean ± standard deviation). An average hereditary map length throughout the ten Drop ? Reduction communities (CFD02 in order to CFD12) is actually step one,353 ± 99 cM, as the eleven genetic charts regarding Flint ? Flint populations (CFF03 to help you CFF15) was basically, typically, stretched in the 1,645 ± 154 cM. The three maps out-of crosses anywhere between Reduction and you may Flint mothers (CFD01, CFF01, CFF02) had an advanced mediocre period of step one,570 ± 85 cM. The greatest gap from inside the a hereditary map is actually 53.7 cM into the long arm regarding chromosome eight (7L) inside people CFF13, in which zero SNPs was polymorphic amongst the mothers, probably on account of term-by-descent (IBD). Facts about genome-large diversity and IBD avenues between mothers of one’s mapping populations are located in https://datingranking.net/pl/blendr-recenzja/ Even more file dos. Synteny and you can colinearity of one’s hereditary charts is actually compared with new B73 AGPv2 genome installation. Generally speaking, a top arrangement are discovered, demonstrating the latest large texture from marker acquisition across the communities, having couples conditions because discussed inside the Extra document dos.